Emergency aid with a strong political charge: Serbia receives assistance from Russia in combating a huge wildfire east of the capital Belgrade. And that while Brussels had also offered to help the EU candidate member.
The Russian firefighting plane also needed special permission on Wednesday to fly over EU territory to Serbia. The airspace above the EU is closed to Russian aircraft due to sanctions following the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022. Bulgaria, which has had a pro-Russian government since April, granted the exemption.
The Ilyushin-76 of the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations is deployed to fight the enormous fire in the Deliblatska pescara nature reserve, about 50 kilometers east of the capital Belgrade. This is considered the largest sand area in Europe. In prehistoric times it was part of a desert. Between the dunes in the steppe-like area, shrubs and forests grow. Part of this has been burning for a month now.
By now it concerns about 3,500 hectares, which is nearly 5,000 football fields. Due to persistent drought and heat, with temperatures above 40 degrees Celsius, and strong winds, Serbia is unable to control the fire.
42,000 liters of water
Russia is now coming to help with a huge cargo plane that can drop 42,000 liters of water at once over the fire. Last night it landed in the southern city of Nis and today the Ilyushin made several flights over the burning area.
That Serbia calls on Russia's help is remarkable. Serbia is a candidate member of the European Union and is already participating in the system in which member states help each other fight wildfires. Belgrade sent a helicopter and a firefighting team to Spain in July to help extinguish fires there.
The EU also provides information from space via satellite images and is monitoring the fire in Serbia. Brussels had also already offered help, but Serbia now prefers Russian assistance. "The European Union does not have firefighting planes with such a large capacity," explains Interior Minister Ivica Dacic regarding that choice.
But it is difficult to see the cooperation with the Russians separately from the political balancing act Serbia has been performing for years. On the one hand, the country is a candidate member and says that accession to the EU is a priority. At the same time, Belgrade maintains warm ties with Moscow. Serbia also refuses to participate in sanctions against Russia. This is a thorn in Brussels' side and is one of the biggest stumbling blocks on the way to EU membership.
Embrace with Zelensky
It may play a role that Ukrainian President Zelensky visited his Serbian counterpart Vucic two weeks ago, for the first time since the outbreak of the war. The images of the two presidents embracing each other were welcomed in Brussels but presumably did not go down well in Moscow. Accepting Russian firefighting aid can be seen as an attempt to rebalance relations somewhat.
EU and NATO member Bulgaria must meanwhile explain why it gave the Ilyushin permission to fly through its country to Serbia. Sofia received a request from both Belgrade and Moscow and cites humanitarian grounds for the approval. These can indeed be a valid reason for an exception.
Moreover, the fire is not far from the Bulgarian border. "Since the fires continue to spread in the border area and also threaten land on this side, international cooperation to contain this disaster is especially important," says the Ministry of Transport.
'Cannot rule out provocations'
The permission comes four months after Bulgaria chose a prime minister who advocates a "rational relationship" with Russia and opening dialogue. Part of the opposition reacts angrily to the decision to allow the firefighting plane through. A journalist noted that the plane flew over several Bulgarian military bases on its way to Serbia.
Member of Parliament Atanas Atanasov of the pro-European party PP-DB demands clarification from the government. "Serbia is an open ally of Russia and this plane could have been used for intelligence gathering," he said on TV channel Nova. "It is war and provocations cannot be ruled out."