Putin increases the pressure, where does Ukraine stand now? Five questions about the war answered
Static on the line with the Starlink connection, intensified attacks from Russia on Ukraine's energy sector, and the resumption of Ukrainian attacks on Russian oil refineries. A lot is happening this week in the war. In a livestream, reporter Wessel de Jong answered questions sent in by viewers. Below you can read the five most important questions and answers.
How dependent is Ukraine on Starlink?
"Starlink is vital for Ukraine. SpaceX's satellite network is used by the military to control drones and for communication within the army. When Russia started the war in 2022, it cut almost all communication in Ukraine. As a result, the country had hardly any visibility on the battlefield. Until Elon Musk's Starlink came to the rescue.
By now, Ukraine is so dependent on it that a prolonged Starlink outage would seriously disrupt the war effort. The recent outage yesterday has been resolved, but it once again made clear how vulnerable the country is due to its dependence on the system. The Starlink network is unique in its kind; Europe does not have such a provider."
In this special, we explain in more detail how indispensable Starlink is for Ukraine:
"Starlink's satellites operate faster than regular satellites. Starlink's satellites fly at a lower altitude. It's simple: the shorter the distance, the less delay and the faster data can be sent."
What role does America play?
"American support for Ukraine has become more uncertain recently. President Trump seems to get along better with his 'friend' President Putin than with President Zelensky. Trump is currently unpopular in his own country due to, among other things, the high price at the pump. If he has not done everything to bring the oil price down, he will lose voters in the midterm elections in November.
Trump is now trying to hold Zelensky responsible for the high oil prices. Ukrainian attacks on Russian oil refineries would influence the oil price, but in reality, those attacks have only limited impact on the global oil price.
American politics remain an uncertain factor for Ukraine. If the Democrats win Congress during the midterms, that could make a difference in support for Ukraine, but Trump, as president, has considerable powers and could simply ignore Congress."
What does Putin want to achieve and how is he going about it?
"Putin would prefer to annex Ukraine to Russia and see Ukraine cease to exist. The goal is to bring Ukraine to its knees by further disrupting daily life.
Territorial gains for Russia are currently limited and losses are mounting. If Russia advances 100 meters now, that is a lot. Therefore, Russia is trying to increase pressure with attacks on, among other things, bridges, food distribution centers, and the energy supply.
The approaching winter makes this strategy especially worrying. Residents are always dependent on electricity and gas, even more so in extreme cold. Russia developed special drones that can disable electricity pylons. This can disrupt large parts of the power grid. The question is how long Ukraine can endure this.
Yet the Ukrainians refuse to give up. After all, they have only one country and they will not let it be taken from them."
Will there be new refugees heading to Western Europe?
"That is certainly possible. If Russia intensifies attacks on the energy supply and Ukrainians are left without power or heating for a long time in winter, it is realistic that more people will decide to leave.
Russia knows that a new refugee flow in Europe can cause political tensions. That could reduce support for Ukraine. How large the refugee flow will be depends on the extent of the damage and whether Ukraine can maintain the energy supply.
There is also a chance that young families will leave the country. Russia has recently also been attacking printing houses where schoolbooks are made, trying to disrupt education."
What can Europe do?
"Europe must increasingly stand on its own feet: produce more weapons itself and develop its own systems. Without American support for Ukraine, it will be difficult for Europe.
The sanctions Europe currently imposes on Russia are not sufficient. Putin will not change his course because of them. However, Europe can increase pressure by further reducing dependence on Russian oil.
In Russia, the population is also tired of the war. So tired that a growing part of the population accepts that Putin is increasing pressure to the maximum, only to ensure that the war ends as quickly as possible."
The entire livestream can be watched here: