In the Canadian province of Quebec, the separatist Parti Quebecois (PQ) narrowly won the local elections. The victory of PQ, which wants to make Quebec independent from Canada, is a setback for Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney. His national government is coming under pressure.
Canada has been involved in a trade conflict with the United States since this summer. According to the Canadian prime minister, it is therefore important to act jointly with all provinces against American President Trump.
The separatists of PQ, led by Paul St-Pierre Plamondon, are not keen on that unity. Plamondon wants to confront the prime minister. As soon as Trump has left the White House, he wants to hold a referendum on an independent Quebec.
"A referendum is a chance to decide about ourselves," says PQ leader Plamondon. "One day we will achieve our national goal."
Referendum uncertain
Yet it is not certain that this will succeed. A majority is needed for a referendum, but PQ won 59 of the 127 parliamentary seats; that is 5 too few for a majority. The separatists must therefore find support from other parties.
"The inhabitants of Quebec have elected us with the mandate to cooperate with other parties. And that message I have heard," says Plamondon.
Previous attempts by PQ for a referendum failed in 1980 and 1995. Even if there is a public vote, it is far from certain that Quebec will become independent. Recent polls show that support for an independent Quebec at 30 percent is at one of the lowest levels ever.
According to political scientist Daniel Béland, the reason PQ now wins is mainly due to the unpopularity of the incumbent power, the Coalition Avenir Quebec (CAQ). "These elections were not about independence, but about getting rid of the CAQ," he says to news agency AP.
Voters dissatisfied
The election result in Quebec, according to analysts, reveals dissatisfaction with the government. The CAQ party has been in power in the province since 2018. In this election, the party lost all 79 seats. Party leader Christine Fréchette calls it a "difficult result."
Next month, residents of the energy-rich province of Alberta can make their voices heard about the independence of their province. A non-binding referendum will be held there on October 19.
Congratulations Carney
Prime Minister Carney has congratulated PQ party leader Plamondon and says he wants to cooperate with the separatists. "A stronger Quebec contributes to a stronger Canada," says Carney. The prime minister spoke, among other things, about cooperation to help companies and workers who face American import tariffs.
Political scientist Béland is less optimistic than the prime minister. "That a pro-independence party wins in Quebec, less than two weeks before an independence referendum in Alberta, reflects problems with our unity in the face of the Trump administration."
In the predominantly French-speaking province of Quebec, more than nine million people live. Canada has a total of over 41 million inhabitants.